How they work
A compact outdoor heat pump connects to one or more wall, ceiling or floor-mounted indoor heads through a small hole for the refrigerant and power lines. Each head has its own thermostat, so every zone can be set to a different temperature.
Where they shine
- Homes heated by boilers or baseboard heat with no ductwork
- Additions, sunrooms, finished garages and attic rooms
- A bedroom that's always too hot or cold
- Replacing window units or wall units
Typical costs
| System | Typical installed US cost |
|---|---|
| Single-zone (one head) | $3,000–$6,000 |
| Multi-zone, 2–3 heads | $7,000–$14,000 |
| Multi-zone, 4–5 heads | $12,000–$22,000+ |
Things to know
- Indoor head filters need cleaning every few weeks during heavy use.
- Oversized heads short cycle. Each zone should be sized to the room.
- Ceiling cassettes and slim ducted units are less visible but cost more.
- DIY "pre-charged" kits exist, but warranties and local codes often require professional installation.
Frequently asked questions
Are mini-splits more efficient than central air?
Often yes. They avoid duct losses and use inverter compressors. Many high-end models exceed 20 SEER2.
