Why the refrigerant changed
Under the AIM Act, the EPA is phasing down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) with high global warming potential (GWP). R-410A has a GWP of about 2,088. Its replacements, R-454B (about 466) and R-32 (about 675), are much lower.
What "A2L" means
A2L refrigerants are classed as "mildly flammable." Equipment is designed with leak detection and other safeguards, and technicians follow updated codes and handling practices. For homeowners, a properly installed system is safe.
If you have an R-410A system
You don't need to replace it. R-410A remains available for servicing existing equipment, although prices may rise over time as supply is phased down. You can't mix refrigerants, so an R-410A system can't be topped up with R-454B.
If you have an R-22 system
R-22 production ended in 2020. Recharging an R-22 system with reclaimed refrigerant is expensive. If yours needs a major repair, replacement usually makes more sense.
Buying new
- New outdoor units need a matched A2L indoor coil.
- The line set may be reused if the size and condition are right.
- Ask installers about A2L training and leak-detection requirements.
